Quick facts
Type: Short-lived perennial, readily self-seeds
Bloom time: Late spring to early summer
Sun: Part sun / light shade
Soil: Rich, well-drained, slightly moist
From seed to flowers: Usually year 2
Step 1: Cold stratify the seeds (key to germination)
Colorado blue columbine seeds germinate best after a cold, moist rest.
Option A — Natural (best if you have winter):
Sow outdoors in late fall.
Nature provides the cold period over winter.
Option B — Refrigerator stratification:
Mix seeds with a small amount of barely damp seed-starting mix (not wet).
Seal in a bag or container.
Refrigerate 3–6 weeks.
Step 2: Sow seeds
Fill trays or small pots with seed-starting mix.
Scatter seeds on the surface and press in gently.
Don’t bury deeply—light helps them sprout.
If you cover at all, use only a dusting of fine mix or vermiculite.
Keep evenly moist (like a wrung-out sponge).
Place at ~65–70°F (18–21°C) in bright, indirect light.
Germination: often 2–4+ weeks and can be uneven. Don’t toss the tray early.
Step 3: Seedling care
Once seedlings have true leaves, transplant to individual pots.
Keep them in bright light and cool conditions.
Water when the surface just starts to dry.
Harden off for about a week before planting outdoors.
Step 4: Planting out
When: After last frost
Spacing: 10–15 in (25–38 cm)
Location: Morning sun + afternoon shade is ideal.
Soil prep: Work in compost; make sure it drains well.
Ongoing care
Water
Keep soil evenly moist the first season.
Established plants like moisture but hate soggy roots.
Feeding
Light feeder.
Compost in spring is usually enough. Avoid heavy nitrogen.
Bloom & lifespan
Expect first real bloom the second year.
Plants live ~3–5 years but often reseed nearby.
Common issues
No germination: not enough cold stratification or seeds too old. Re-stratify and try again.
Leggy seedlings: too warm or not enough light.
Powdery mildew/leaf spots: improve airflow, avoid overhead watering late in day.
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